The pandemic outbreak in March 2020 and its associated sanitary regulations and restrictions triggered an abrupt and significant change for society in general and for families’ organization in particular. In Chile, the Santiago Metropolitan District was under a strict lockdown that involved the closure of the entire educational system. From a systemic-family stress perspective, the impact of these changes might have consequences not only for each individual family member, but for the parental dynamic and, consequently, for children’s well-being. This paper (...) presents the results of a follow-up study showing changes in self-reported parental depression and the perceived home organization of mothers and fathers assessed at three different moments: before the pandemic, at the initial outbreak, and after 1 month of strict lockdown. Relevant moderators were explored using linear mixed models to understand the within-subject changes in mothers’ and fathers’ self-reports across the different assessment times. Financial strain, personality traits of self-criticism and dependency, previous parent–child quality interaction, recent major stressful events, and number of children are highlighted as relevant factors that moderate changes in home chaos and parental mental health perception. Significant risks and protective factors are described for fathers and mothers. The use of pre-pandemic measures as baseline levels enabled the identification of personal and family characteristics that were related to better outcomes. The results help increase our understanding of the sanitary regulations’ impacts on the family system and identify vulnerability indicators that should be considered. (shrink)

El jurista chileno Juan Egaña manifestó en sus acciones y en sus escritos una especial valoración por las expresiones artísticas. Para el autor las normas jurídicas y el arte deben articularse y apuntar a un mismo objetivo. El presente trabajo se orienta a mostrar los fundamentos que permiten afirmar que, en sintonía con las concepciones de Platón, Egaña concibió la pintura, la escultura, la música y la arquitectura al servicio de la organización de la sociedad. The chilean attorney Juan Egaña (...) showed in his actions and essays a special interest in artistic expressions. Art and the juridical norms must work together and point to a same objective. This article is oriented to show the essentials that confirm that following ideas of Plato, Egaña conceived painting, sculpture, music and architecture put to the service of the organization of the society. (shrink)

In this international and interdisciplinary collection of critical essays, distinguished contributors examine a crucial premise of traditional readings of Plato's dialogues: that Plato's own doctrines and arguments can be read off the statements made in the dialogues by Socrates and other leading characters. The authors argue in general and with reference to specific dialogues, that no character should be taken to be Plato's mouthpiece. This is essential reading for students and scholars of Plato.

Curiously, while the efficacy of the arts for the development of multicultural understandings has long been theorized, empirical studies of this effect have been lacking. This essay recounts our combined empirical and philosophical study of this issue. We explicate the philosophical considerations that shaped the development of the arts course we studied, which was grounded in rather traditional humanist educational thought, informed by Deweyan considerations for pedagogy and multiculturalism. We also provide an overview of the course and of the study (...) design: the ways in which the course worked to teach aesthetic theory through a combination of popular and canonical works, and the ways in which it sought to instill a sense of cross-cultural appreciation and solidarity among students through the inclusion of art from different cultures and generations. We then share our research findings and our return to the realm of philosophy to interpret them. Our postcolonial analysis incorporates emerging discussions of the arts as a tool for resistance and dialogue within the system of public education, and revisit and reconsider the very concept of education for pluralistic democracy. This approach problematizes traditional conceptions of pluralism, in which an attempt is made to dissolve difference in a common understanding, and instead advocates that works from among the contemporary popular arts and works drawn from the artistic “canon” alike must be considered and employed for their instrumental value to the educational process—especially for their ability to prompt an intersubjectivity that is accompanied by a heightened awareness of difference. (shrink)

The Gait Deviation Index is a multivariate measure of overall gait pathology based on 15 gait features derived from three-dimensional kinematic data. GDI aims at providing a comprehensive, easy to interpret, and clinically meaningful metric of overall gait function. It has been used as an outcome measure to study gait in several conditions: cerebral palsy, post-stroke hemiparetic gait, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, and Parkinson’s disease, among others. Nevertheless, its use in population with Spinal Cord Injury has not been studied yet. The (...) aim of the present study was to investigate the applicability of the GDI to SCI through the assessment of the relationship of the GDI with the Walking Index for Spinal Cord Injury II. 3D gait kinematics of 34 patients with incomplete SCI was obtained. Besides, 3D gait kinematics of a sample of 50 healthy volunteers was also gathered with Codamotion motion capture system. A total of 302 and 446 strides were collected. GDI was calculated for each stride and grouped for each WISCI II level. HV data were analyzed as an additional set. Normal distribution for each group was assessed with Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests. Afterward, ANOVA tests were performed between each pair of WISCI II levels to identify differences among groups. The results showed that the GDI was normally distributed across all WISCI II levels in both iSCI and HV groups. Furthermore, our results showed an increasing relationship between the GDI values and WISCI II levels in subjects with iSCI, but only discriminative in WISCI II levels 13, 19, and 20. The index successfully distinguished HV group from all the individuals with iSCI. Findings of this study indicated that the GDI is not an appropriate multivariate walking metric to represent the deviation of gait pattern in adult population with iSCI from a normal gait profile when it is compared with the levels of walking impairment described by the WISCI II. Future work should aim at defining and validating an overall gait index derived from 3D kinematic gait variables appropriate for SCI, additionally taking into account other walking ability outcome measures. (shrink)

The tree-based data structure of -tree for propositional formulas is introduced in an improved and optimised form. The -trees allow a compact representation for negation normal forms as well as for a number of reduction strategies in order to consider only those occurrences of literals which are relevant for the satisfiability of the input formula. These reduction strategies are divided into two subsets (meaning- and satisfiability-preserving transformations) and can be used to decrease the size of a negation normal form A (...) at (at most) quadratic cost. The reduction strategies are aimed at decreasing the number of required branchings and, therefore, these strategies allow to limit the size of the search space for the SAT problem. (shrink)

The tree-based data structure of △-tree for propositional formulas is introduced in an improved and optimised form. The △-trees allow a compact representation for negation normal forms as well as for a number of reduction strategies in order to consider only those occurrences of literals which are relevant for the satisfiability of the input formula. These reduction strategies are divided into two subsets (meaning- and satisfiability-preserving transformations) and can be used to decrease the size of a negation normal form A (...) at (at most) quadratic cost. The reduction strategies are aimed at decreasing the number of required branchings and, therefore, these strategies allow to limit the size of the search space for the SAT problem. (shrink)

Curiously, while the efficacy of the arts for the development of multicultural understandings has long been theorized, empirical studies of this effect have been lacking. This essay recounts our combined empirical and philosophical study of this issue. We explicate the philosophical considerations that shaped the development of the arts course we studied, which was grounded in rather traditional humanist educational thought, informed by Deweyan considerations for pedagogy and multiculturalism. We also provide an overview of the course and of the study (...) design: the ways in which the course worked to teach aesthetic theory through a combination of popular and canonical works, and the ways in which it sought to instill a sense of cross-cultural appreciation and solidarity among students through the inclusion of art from different cultures and generations. We then share our research findings and our return to the realm of philosophy to interpret them. Our postcolonial analysis incorporates emerging discussions of the arts as a tool for resistance and dialogue within the system of public education, and revisit and reconsider the very concept of education for pluralistic democracy. This approach problematizes traditional conceptions of pluralism, in which an attempt is made to dissolve difference in a common understanding, and instead advocates that works from among the contemporary popular arts and works drawn from the artistic “canon” alike must be considered and employed for their instrumental value to the educational process—especially for their ability to prompt an intersubjectivity that is accompanied by a heightened awareness of difference. (shrink)

Barrero, Tomás Andrés. “Aserción, expresión y acción. Una lectura de J. L. Austin.” Dianoia 60.74 (2015): 81-107.

El presente artículo propone una aportación al debate suscitado en torno al problema que plantean la violencia y la sexualidad en la representación del otro, en este caso del árabe como Otro, partiendo en primer lugar de las consideración que hace Judith Butler sobre la noción de marco teórico y sus implicaciones políticas, éticas y estéticas. En un segundo momento confrontaremos este enfoque con las críticas planteadas por J. Massad al presunto orientalismo y etnocentrismo de ciertas corrientes reivindicativas de los (...) derechos LGTB desde el punto de la especificidad cultural del mundo árabe y analizaremos la polémica suscitada por dichas críticas entre distintos interlocutores. (shrink)

This text considers art as an action of life and power, or stated slightly differently, how art is an aesthetic-political game of implication in the bio-political device of our time, especially, in the spaces of “exclusion”, or “social exclusion”. In this sense the present paper builds on Saül Karsz’s interpretation of exclusion as a “false concept for a true problem” : that is, the exclusion of groups, populations, people is real… but it is also true that the disciplines that to (...) investigate the subject use this real problem for their own purposes. Exclusion as a concept qualifies an enormous field of discourse and research practices that convert the true problem of exclusion into a false concept: a weapon used to give to read, to watch and to interpret the problem of exclusion. Nevertheless, exclusion exists. And it is necessary to think of how we can treat it without relying on empty rhetoric or a fashioned position, or participating in a blind activism that depoliticizes the necessity to think about exclusion in all its forms. After discussing diverse contemporary aesthetic theories, and in particular the theories of J. Rancière, this work presents the figure of the museum of the future in which art can be understood as an aesthetic-political game able to transform life in its spaces of power, a promise of emancipation and equality. (shrink)

We study the Rudin–Keisler pre-order on Fréchet–Urysohn ideals on $\omega $. We solve three open questions posed by S. García-Ferreira and J. E. Rivera-Gómez in the articles [5] and [6] by establishing the following results: •For every AD family $\mathcal {A},$ there is an AD family $\mathcal {B}$ such that $\mathcal {A}^{\perp } <_{{\textsf {RK}}}\mathcal {B}^{\perp }.$ •If $\mathcal {A}$ is a nowhere MAD family of size $\mathfrak {c}$ then there is a nowhere MAD family $\mathcal {B}$ such that $\mathcal (...) {I}\left $ and $\mathcal {I}\left $ are Rudin–Keisler incomparable.•There is a family $\left \{ \mathcal {B}_{\alpha }\mid \alpha \in \mathfrak {c}\right \} $ of nowhere MAD families such that if $\alpha \neq \beta $, then $\mathcal {I}\left $ and $\mathcal {I}\left $ are Rudin–Keisler incomparable.Here $\mathcal {I}$ denotes the ideal generated by an AD family $\mathcal {A}$.In the context of hyperspaces with the Vietoris topology, for a Fréchet–Urysohn-filter $\mathcal {F}$ we let $\mathcal {S}_{c}\left \right ) $ be the hyperspace of nontrivial convergent sequences of the space consisting of $\omega $ as discrete subset and only one accumulation point $\mathcal {F}$ whose neighborhoods are the elements of $\mathcal {F}$ together with the singleton $\{\mathcal {F}\}$. For a FU-filter $\mathcal {F}$ we show that the following are equivalent: • $\mathcal {F}$ is a FUF-filter.• $\mathcal {S}_{c}\left \right ) $ is Baire. (shrink)

Durante todos estos años en que la práctica de la filosofía se ha convertido en un tema de discusión, la sugerencia bibliográfica ha sido uno de los temas más comunes, tanto por los que nos hemos dedicado a ella, como por los que sienten curiosidad y quieren ampliar su información. Pero, antes que nada debo hacer una pequeña advertencia. Los repertorios bibliográficos que se encuentran comúnmente vinculados a este tema suelen estar contaminados por la idea de que la práctica filosófica (...) es diferente de la filosofía teórica, o mejor dicho, de la práctica académica. Es por ello que, en la mayoría de las recomendaciones aparecen textos que a los académicos pueden causar repelús, y a los excesivamente prácticos también. Mi intención no es evitar el desagrado ni la sorpresa por ambas partes, creo que es necesario mantener esa capacidad de asombro y disconformidad propia de la filosofía. Por ello, los materiales que citaré y comentaré a continuación sólo deben servir como guía de perplejos y no cómo literatura definitiva –aunque si imprescindible. Esta recensión bibliográfica se ha nutrido de varias fuentes. La primera ha sido la recomendación de J. Barrientos en su libro Introducción al asesoramiento filosófico, la segunda, se la debo a un trabajo de recopilación bibliográfica realizado por Albert Balaguer como alumno del Master en Práctica Filosófica y Gestión Social, y la tercera es producto de mis propias pesquisas e investigaciones que me han llevado a evaluar y escoger algunos materiales poco conocidos por quienes se dedican a la práctica de la filosofía. The Babel of Philosophical Practice: some Bibliographical Suggestions Throughout all these years in which philosophical practice has become a topic of discussion, bibliographical suggestion has been one of the commonest topics, both for those of us who have devoted ourselves to it and for those who feel curiosity and want to increase their information. But, before anything else, a small warning is due. The bibliographical repertoires commonly linked to this topic use to be contaminated by the idea that philosophical practice is different from theoretical philosophy, or, rather, from academic practice. This is why in most suggestions there are texts that scholars –and those of an excessively practical vein as well- may find objectionable. It is not my aim to avoid neither the unpleasantness nor the surprise on either party; I believe it is necessary to maintain the ability to be surprised and in disagreement that is proper of philosophy. This is why the materials that I will quote, and comment on, should only be regarded as guide for the perplexed ones, rather than as definitive literature –although it is an indispensable one. This bibliographical review has got its raw materials from several sources. The first one has been J. Barrientos’s recommendation in his book Introduction to Philosophical Counseling; the second one I owe to a bibliographical compilation made by Albert Balaguer as a student of the Master in Philosophical Practice and Social Management; and the third is the product of my own investigations, which have led me to evaluate and select some materials which are little known by those who dedicate themselves to philosophical practice. (shrink)

El renacimiento del interés por Hegel en el mundo filosófico se apoya en varios puntos: la superación del dualismo entre el esquema conceptual y el contenido (Davidson, McDowell), la disipación del mito de lo dado (Sellars, Quine) y el inferencialismo (Brandom). En relación con el primer punto, John McDowell intenta superar aquel dualismo, echando mano de un Hegel cuya retórica requiere de una domesticación. Se intenta iluminar el alcance y algunas limitaciones de esta propuesta, en su intento por desmontar la (...) filosofía del permanente movimiento entre el mito de lo dado o la inmediatez, por un lado, y el coherentismo, por el otro. (shrink)

El renacimiento del interés por Hegel en el mundo filosófico se apoya en varios puntos: la superación del dualismo entre el esquema conceptual y el contenido, la disipación del mito de lo dado y el inferencialismo. En relación con el primer punto, John McDowell intenta superar aquel dualismo, echando mano de un Hegel cuya retórica requiere de una domesticación. Se intenta iluminar el alcance y algunas limitaciones de esta propuesta, en su intento por desmontar la filosofía del permanente movimiento entre (...) el mito de lo dado o la inmediatez, por un lado, y el coherentismo, por el otro. The revival of interest in Hegel in contemporary philosophical world is based on several reasons: the overcoming of the dualism between conceptual scheme and content, the dissipation of the myth of the given, and inferentialism. Regarding the first point, John McDowell tries to overcome this dualism by making use of Hegel, whose rhetoric requires domestication. The article seeks to illuminate the scope and some limitations of this proposal in its attempt to dismantle philosophy from a permanent movement between the myth of the given or immediacy, on the one hand, and coherentism, on the other. (shrink)

This paper stands as a contribution to the debate triggered by the problem of violence and sexuality within the representation of the Other or, in this case, the Arab as Other. We shall depart from Judith Butler’s statements about the notion of theoretical framework and its political, ethic and aesthetic implications. Afterwards, we will confront this viewpoint with the criticism of J. Massad against the alleged orientalism and ethnocentrism of LGTB activist movements from the perspective of a certain cultural specificity (...) regarding sexuality in the Arab World, as well as to analyze the polemic arosed by Massad among different interlocutors. (shrink)

Reflection on the development of bioethics in pharmaceutical professional organizations. Professional excellence Reflexão sobre o desenvolvimento da Bioética nas organizações profissionais farmacêuticas. A excelência profissional For some years, the collegiate organizations of the pharmaceutical profession are being challenged, not only by external agents, but also by the professionals themselves. There is a certain criticism in the response, especially in aspects that have to do with the role they must play in the development and activity of professional practice, in their domestic, (...) external and internal purposes and in the characteristics they must possess as organizations in service of these professionals and society. We understand that the development, revision and updating of Bioethics, as well as training in this field in professional organizations, contributes to that transcendent excellence in the profession, provokes a real knowledge of it in all its dimensions and with the power to act in total freedom from threats or internal or external restrictions. Para citar este artículo / To reference this article / Para citar este artigo Centenera-Jaraba JI, López-Guzmán J. Reflexión acerca del desarrollo de la bioética en las organizaciones profesionales farmacéuticas. La excelencia profesional. Pers Bioet. 2019; 23: 49-63. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5294/pebi.2019.23.1.4 Recepción: 15/02/2018 Aceptación: 16/04/2019. (shrink)

Mitchell, J.C. and E. Moggi, Kripke-style models for typed lambda calculus, Annals of Pure and Applied Logic 51 99–124. The semantics of typed lambda calculus is usually described using Henkin models, consisting of functions over some collection of sets, or concrete cartesian closed categories, which are essentially equivalent. We describe a more general class of Kripke-style models. In categorical terms, our Kripke lambda models are cartesian closed subcategories of the presheaves over a poset. To those familiar with Kripke models of (...) modal or intuitionistic logics, Kripke lambda models are likely to seem adequately ‘semantic’. However, when viewed as cartesian closed categories, they do not have the property variously referred to as concreteness, well- pointedness or having enough points. While the traditional lambda calculus proof system is not complete for Henkin models that may have empty types, we prove strong completeness for Kripke models. In fact, every set of equations that is closed under implication is the theory of a single Kripke model. We also develop some properties of logical relations over Kripke structures, showing that every theory is the theory of a model determined by a Kripke equivalence relation over a Henkin model. We discuss cartesian closed categories but present the main definitions and results without the use of category theory. (shrink)

Die Untersuchungen betreffen die Rezeption von kantischem Denken in der Hispanidad. Es handelt sich um Akten eines Kongresses, der 1983 an der Universitat zu Koln stattfand. Die verschiedenen Reaktionen (positive wie auch kritische) auf das kantische Denken von Autoren wie M. Nieto Serrano, J.M. Rey y Heredia, K.C.F. Krause, J. Sanz del Rio, J. Zubiri und R. Torretti werden thematisiert.".

This is the first English translation of the work of Eugenio Garin, one of the foremost modern historians of the Italian Renaissance. The present text, translated so intelligently, is based on the revised Italian edition of 1958.. Garin treats the growth of Italian humanism from Petrarch in the fourteenth century to its point of radical transformation with Tommaso Campanella at the beginning of the seventeenth century. The commentary on Giordano Bruno is especially clear, concise, and penetrating. For Garin, the (...) elements of Renaissance humanism are multiple. It sought its own rhetoric and shrank from the dry syllogistic reasoning of scholastic philosophy. It used philology as an essential tool and basis of a revolutionary historiography. As well, Renaissance humanism was engage in civic life. In seeing Renaissance humanism as the link with the modern world, Garin opposes those historians of science who posit medieval science and philosophy as the vital bridge. Garin minimizes the importance of Aristotelianism and finds Renaissance humanism severely hostile to scholasticism. Nevertheless, the book is a rich mine of facts, summarization, and syntheses of texts; the very index of the book, restricted to Italian Renaissance figures, occupies five pages of double columns. In addition, Peter Munz has written an introduction which is a full-blown critique—P. J. M. (shrink)

«A genuine literary treatment of the soul» is what Eugenio Massa called the brief section of Egidio of Viterbo’s Sentences Commentary that he published in 1954. What Massa published is Egidio’s discussion of part of Peter Lombard’s third distinction in Book I, which bears the title «De imagine et similitudine Trinitatis in anima humana». The main topic at so early a place in the Sentences is not, strictly speaking, the human soul but the divine Trinity. The point of departure (...) is Lombard’s consideration of the soul as analogous to the Trinity; and behind that connection lies Augustine, who presented the soul as an image of the Trinity because he saw in the soul a unity and simplicity of substance but also Platonism’s tripartite divisions. These include, for example, the appetitive, emotional, and rational functions, from the Republic, and Augustine’s subdivision of the rational functions into memory, understanding, and will. This connection between Trinity and human soul, however, gave commentators excellent opportunities not only for theology, discourse about God, but also for psychology, the study of the soul. Descriptions of the human soul initially offered in the theological context became important in their own right. According to Massa, in light of the soul’s being created in God’s image, Egidio was able to make human dignity the major theme even at this early point in the commentary. (shrink)

La arqueología ha revelado recientemente la existencia de una importante revitalización urbana en Córdoba durante el Califato Almohade, apenas tratada hasta ahora por la historiografía, centrada principalmente en su pasado omeya. Por un lado, se ha observado una importante inversión del poder almohade en elementos defensivos y palatinos, acaso por tratarse en estas fechas de un centro fundamental en la conceptualización histórica de al-Andalus y en la lucha contra los reinos cristianos; por otro, se ha documentado un importante crecimiento orgánico (...) y privado extramuros. Todo ello coincidió con su elección como capital andalusí en 557/1162 por ‘Abd al-Mu’min, lo que suponía un hito fundamental para la legitimación de su nuevo califato. Tras su muerte pocos meses después, Abū Ya‘qūb Yūsuf hizo regresar la corte a Sevilla, creando un importante cambio de rumbo en la política almohade que no afectó al resurgir urbano de la antigua sede omeya. En realidad, Córdoba seguiría muy presente en la mentalidad colectiva andalusí durante el gobierno almohade, manteniéndose como referente principal del esplendor pasado y como núcleo esencial de la tradición mālikī. (shrink)

Se analiza la apuesta ontológica de Arturo Escobar a partir de dos formas en las que esta se expresa, para vislumbrar los alcances y limitaciones de esta concepción ontológica. La primera concepción radica en lo que el autor denomina ontología relacional y la segunda versa en la llamada ontología política. El texto está dividido en cuatro apartados, el primero introduce al lector a lo que representa la pregunta por el ser, haciendo hincapié en Martin Heidegger. El segundo expone brevemente el (...) contexto que se puede evidenciar en la apuesta académica del antropólogo colombiano a través del giro ontológico, desarrollado desde la antropología, en el que se destaca una crítica al paradigma occidental dualista naturaleza/cultura y, a su vez, de la teoría decolonial que denuncia a la Modernidad y la vigencia de la colonialidad de ser, para así poder comprender la propuesta de la ontología relacional de Escobar. El tercer apartado expresa desde las categorías de territorio y pluriverso una premisa fundamental: pensar lo político presupone una ontología, es decir, una visión de mundo sobre lo que es y está, de esta manera se articula el proyecto de la ontología desde la relacionalidad con luchas que reivindican los mundos y los derechos de las comunidades; en el cuarto y último apartado se exponen los alcances y límites de la ontología de Escobar, así como caminos posibles para considerar en investigaciones futuras. (shrink)

The Cooperative Extension System serves as the conduit through which scientific knowledge generated by the 130 land-grant colleges and universities in the United States is translated and delivered directly to its constituents. Since its inception over 100 years ago, Extension has been integral in developing, delivering, and applying cutting-edge knowledge in agriculture and natural resources, youth development, family and consumer sciences, and community and rural development. Today, more than ever, Extension will need to lead the way in building and maintaining (...) sustainable partnerships across disciplines and with organizations at the local, state, and national levels to tackle complex issues considering diminishing resources. Bringing together leading and emerging scholars, this volume discusses how Extension is addressing issues and opportunities relevant to children, youth, families, and communities across the country both now and in the future. Topics include Extension's role in supporting childcare, social media use, entrepreneurship, rural communities, and underserved audiences. (shrink)

We present a general approach to quantified modal logics that can simulate most other approaches. The language is based on operators indexed by terms which allow to express de re modalities and to control the interaction of modalities with the first-order machinery and with non-rigid designators. The semantics is based on a primitive counterpart relation holding between n-tuples of objects inhabiting possible worlds. This allows an object to be represented by one, many, or no object in an accessible world. Moreover (...) by taking as primitive a relation between n-tuples we avoid some shortcoming of standard individual counterparts. Finally, we use cut-free labelled sequent calculi to give a proof-theoretic characterisation of the quantified extensions of each first-order definable propositional modal logic. In this way we show how to complete many axiomatically incomplete quantified modal logics. (shrink)

The purpose of this paper is to present a formalization of the language, semantics and axiomatization of justification logic in Coq. We present proofs in a natural deduction style derived from the axiomatic approach of justification logic. Additionally, we present possible world semantics in Coq based on Fitting models to formalize the semantic satisfaction of formulas. As an important result, with this implementation, it is possible to give a proof of soundness for $\mathsf{L}\mathsf{P}$ with respect to Fitting models.